1942 – World War II: The Koli Point action begins during the Guadalcanal Campaign and ends on November 12.
Roosevelt is elected President of the United States.
1935 – George II of Greece regains his throne through a popular, though possibly fixed, plebiscite.
1932 – Panagis Tsaldaris becomes the 142nd Prime Minister of Greece.
1930 – Getúlio Vargas becomes Head of the Provisional Government in Brazil after a bloodless coup on October 24.
1929 – The Gwangju Student Independence Movement occurred.
1918 – The German Revolution of 1918–19 begins when 40,000 sailors take over the port in Kiel.
1911 – Chevrolet officially enters the automobile market in competition with the Ford Model T.
1908 – William Howard Taft is elected the 27th President of the United States.
1903 – With the encouragement of the United States, Panama separates from Colombia.
1898 – France withdraws its troops from Fashoda (now in Sudan), ending the Fashoda Incident.
1881 – The Mapuche uprising of 1881 begins in Chile.
Because of an electoral challenge, he was never seated.
1868 – John Willis Menard (R-Louisiana) was the first African American elected to the United States Congress.
1867 – Giuseppe Garibaldi and his followers are defeated in the Battle of Mentana and fail to end the Pope's Temporal power in Rome (it would be achieved three years later).
1848 – A greatly revised Dutch constitution, which transfers much authority from the king to his parliament and ministers, is proclaimed.
1838 – The Times of India, the world's largest circulated English language daily broadsheet newspaper is founded as The Bombay Times and Journal of Commerce.
1817 – The Bank of Montreal, Canada's oldest chartered bank, opens in Montreal.
1812 – Napoleon's armies are defeated at the Battle of Vyazma.
1793 – French playwright, journalist and feminist Olympe de Gouges is guillotined.
1783 – The American Continental Army is disbanded.
1534 – English Parliament passes the first Act of Supremacy, making King Henry VIII head of the Anglican Church, supplanting the pope and the Roman Catholic Church.
1493 – Christopher Columbus first sights the island of Dominica in the Caribbean Sea.
1492 – Peace of Etaples between Henry VII of England and Charles VIII of France.
1468 – Liège is sacked by Charles I of Burgundy's troops.
1333 – The River Arno floods causing massive damage in Florence as recorded by the Florentine chronicler Giovanni Villani.
644 – Umar ibn al-Khattab, the second Muslim caliph, is assassinated by a Persian slave in Medina.
361 – Emperor Constantius II dies of a fever at Mopsuestia in Cilicia on his deathbed he is baptised and declares his cousin Julian rightful successor.